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Chemical Products Solutions |
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Sodium Hydroxide
Physical Properties : Sodium hydroxide is produced mainly in three forms : First and second is in the form of aqueous solutions and the third one is in its anhydrous form _in the form of solid cakes , granules , chips flakes , pallets or beads .It is white in its liquid form. It is also reffered as lye , caustic soda , and sodium hydrate . Sodium hydroxide is odorless at room temprature ; thus, odor provides no warning of hazardous concentrations . It is highly corrosive and non volatile . Exposoure to it causes irritation . Low level of exposure causes temporary inflamation and burning to the outer organs of our body where as high level of exposure causes permanent damage to the inner organs of the body. Sodium hydroxide is non combustible. It is soluble in water , ethanol , glycerine and methanol and is insoluble in ether and other non polar solvents . It easily absorbs moisture from the air and so should be stored in an air tight container . A sodium hydroxide solution will always leave a yellow stain on the base on which it has been use.
Chemcial Property : The principal method for its manufacture is electrolytic dissociation of sodium chloride : where chlorine gas is a coproduct . Small amounts of sodium hydroxide are produced by the soda-lime process in which a concentrated solution of sodium carbonate (soda) is reacted with calcium hydroxide (slaked lime); calcium carbonate precipitates, leaving a sodium hydroxide solution.
Uses : Sodium hydroxide is generally used as a base but it forms a strong alkali in water. When its solid form is in contact with water, it becomes extremely corrosive ,whose heat generated is sufficient to ignite combustible materials. The major use of sodium hydroxide is as a chemical and in the manufacture of other chemicals(PH control , acid neutralization , and catalyst ), because it is inexpensive. It is also used to make sodium that function as a catalyst . It is a caustic and is widely used wherever a strong base is needed .There is no pharmaceutical use of sodium hydroxide.Being a strong base , industrially it is used in the manufacture of soaps ,detergents ,textiles , rayon , petroleum products, explosives , paper , pulp and in variety of other use. In the field of processing , it is widely used in laundries, metal cleaning , cotton fabrics, electroplating etc. It is generally present in oven cleaners Other uses includes water treatment , food processing , refining vegetable oils , mining , glass making ,textile processing , metal degreasing and processing , aluminum processing , adhesive preparations , paint remover and as a disinfecant .
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